Estimating interlinks of carbon emissions from transportation, industrialization, and solid/liquid fuels with economic progress: evidence from Pakistan


Rehman A., Ma H., Ahmad M., IŞIK C., Ozturk I.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol.20, no.2, pp.1981-1996, 2023 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 20 Issue: 2
  • Publication Date: 2023
  • Doi Number: 10.1007/s13762-022-04111-0
  • Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aqualine, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Compendex, Environment Index, Geobase, INSPEC, Pollution Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database
  • Page Numbers: pp.1981-1996
  • Keywords: CO2 emission, Economic progress, Transports, Fossil fuel energy, Environmental pollution, RENEWABLE ENERGY-CONSUMPTION, CO2 EMISSIONS, DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, TIME-SERIES, CONSTRUCTION-INDUSTRY, CAUSALITY LINKS, GROWTH EVIDENCE, COUNTRIES, IMPACT, NEXUS
  • Anadolu University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

The effect of transportation on the atmosphere is immense because it is the biggest energy consumer which burns much of the global oil. This triggers environmental impact and leads to a global warming by releasing carbon dioxide, including nitrous oxide and particulate pollution. This analysis key motive is to estimate the inter links of CO2 emissions from transportation, solid and liquid fuel utilization, industrialization and manufacturing, fossil fuel energy with economic progress in Pakistan. For stationarity purposes, time span data ranging from 1971-2019. The ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) method was applied with the estimation of long- and short-run dynamics. Furthermore, FMOLS (Fully Modified Least Square) and DOLS (Dynamic Least Square) techniques were also used to estimate the long term relationships amid variables. Outcomes exposed during the long-run that CO2 emissions from transportation, liquid fuel usage, industrialization and manufacturing sector and fossil energy use has positive coefficients with probability-values (0.476), (0.653), (0.613) and (0.711) correspondingly that exposed a constructive interaction with economic progress, while carbon emission from solid fuel utilization and CO2 emissions has adverse influence to economic progress of Pakistan. Similarly, FMOLS and DOLS techniques outcomes show that the variables CO2 emissions from transportation, liquid and solid fuel usage and fossil energy use demonstrate a constructive correlation with economic growth, while carbon emission from industrialization and manufacturing and CO2 emissions has adverse influence on economic progress in Pakistan. As a cross-cutting trend of sustainable development policy, Pakistan should pay greater attention to environmental issues and recognize their importance.