Comprehensive phenolic profiling and in vitro bioactivities of Salvia yangii (B.T. Drew) extracts using gas chromatography–flame ionization detection/mass spectrometry and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry

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Öğüt K., Garcia-Parrilla M. C., Özek G.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol.61, no.1, pp.1-13, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 61 Issue: 1
  • Publication Date: 2026
  • Doi Number: 10.1093/ijfood/vvag109
  • Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
  • Journal Indexes: Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Scopus, Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest), Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), BIOSIS, Chemical Abstracts Core, Compendex, INSPEC, Directory of Open Access Journals
  • Page Numbers: pp.1-13
  • Open Archive Collection: AVESIS Open Access Collection
  • Anadolu University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Salvia yangii (B.T. Drew) has attracted attention for its chemical diversity and biological potential. In this study, the aerial parts were extracted using n-hexane and aqueous methanol (70%) extract to obtain apolar and polar extracts, respectively. A silylation-based GC–MS/flame ionization detection analysis identified carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid as the major constituents of the n-hexane and aqueous methanol (70%) extracts. Ultra-HPLC–high-resolution MS/MS revealed additional phenolic compounds, including vanillin, caffeic acid, hesperidin, and isosakuranetin. Remarkably, 3-hydroxytyrosol and isosakuranetin were reported for the first time in this species. The n-hexane extract demonstrated a higher antioxidant capacity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, β-carotene bleaching, and α-amylase inhibition assays, whereas the methanolic extract exhibited superior results in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity tests. These findings highlight the distinct phytochemical profiles and biological activities of S. yangii extracts, suggesting their potential application as natural antioxidants and functional food ingredients.