FRESENIUS ENVIRONMENTAL BULLETIN, vol.11, no.12A, pp.1071-1077, 2002 (SCI-Expanded)
The produced formation water (PFW) which is extracted together with the petroleum is highly saline. In this study the removal of the ions causing salinity, namely Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42- and HCO3- has been investigated. For this purpose electrochemical methods such as electrodialysis and electrocoagulation have been applied. Conventional methods such as chemical precipitation and adsorption have been employed as a pretreatment to increase the removal efficiency of the electrochemical methods. The experiments accomplished by a combined system consisting of electrochemical and conventional methods have shown that the salinity in the produced formation water could be removed successfully.