ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to test the validity and reliability of the Leisure Time Physical Activity Constrains (LTPA-C) scale for individuals affected by vision, hearing and or- thopedic insufficiency. This questionnaire was originally developed for normally developed population in Turkish culture. Material and Methods: In this study, the structure validity of inventory was ex- amined with an explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). EFA process composed of a total of 209 indi- viduals (126 visual, 32 hearing and 51 orthopedics impairment), whereas CFA process composed of 469 individuals (199 visual, 111 hearing and 159 orthopedics impairment). The reliability of the in- strument was calculated by the Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency values. Results: It is observed that LTPA-C-disabled individuals form LTPA-C-DIF composed of 8 subscales and the factor loads of these were ranged from 0.632 to 0.926, and this structure explained the 79.85% of the total variance. CFA results depicted acceptable fit in- dices for the structure validity as following x2/df=2.188; root mean square error of approximation=0.050; incremental fit index=0.955; non-normed fit index=0.948; comparative fit index=0.955 and stan- dardized root mean square residual=0.041. All Cronbach’s Alpha val- ues were over 0.80. Conclusion: 32 items on the original questionnaire were preserved, but the “facility infrastructure” sub- scale of the original questionnaire was divided in two subscales. As a results of all these findings, structural validity and reliability of LTPAC-DIF were confirmed for individuals with visual, hearing, and orthopedics impairment. Moreover, measurement invariance of LTPAC-DIF was also confirmed. LTPAC-DIF is a valid and reliable measuring tool for identifying physical activity restrictors that indi- viduals affected by various inadequacies.

Keywords: Physical activity; individual affected by inadequacy; disable individual; physical activity barriers