Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing, no.85, pp.80-88, 2021 (Peer-Reviewed Journal)
Fiber content of a meal is
distinctly effective in appetite. There are studies that draw attention to the
effects of protein and fiber combined meals on short-term satiety and food
intake. This study was performed to examine the effects of different fiber sources
in a protein-containing meal during satiety and hunger. The study was carried
out once a week on the same day and for three-week duration, with total of 17
randomly selected participants with ages between 18 and 24 years. The test
foods containing different vegetable fiber sources (chickpeas and oats) were
given to the participants every week as isocaloric, which have been the control
food for a week. The satiety status was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS)
for total of five times as immediately before the test food consumption and at
30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after consumption. Fasting and postprandial blood
glucose levels were measured. A 24-hour retrospective food consumption record
was obtained the next day. There was no
statistically significant difference among the VAS results of the three groups,
which were given chickpea + yoghurt (CY), oat + yoghurt (OY), and yoghurt (Y)
as control (p> 0.05). No significant difference was observed in ad libitum
food intake after the test food and daily energy intake determined by 24-hour
food consumption records (p> 0.05). However, the energy and macronutrient
intake of the OY group at the ad libitum lunch and the rest of the day were
significantly lower than that of CY. The difference between blood glucose
levels during hunger and satiety states of CY group was found significant (p
<0.05). Collectively, the VAS findings revealed that consumption of
fiber-enriched meal has a significant effect on short-term satiety, daily
energy intake and blood glucose level control compared to a protein-only meal,
however no significant difference was observed between the types of fiber
consumed. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT 04601025.